Clinical symptoms of acute lead poisoning?

summary

Now we all have a common sense to prevent lead poisoning, but the clinical manifestations of lead poisoning are not very clear. Acute lead poisoning is mainly caused by taking lead acetate, lead carbonate, lead chromate, tetraethyl lead, breathing its dust or smoke, steam, and skin absorption or oral administration of its solvents. Excessive exposure, inhalation of lead compounds or lead containing traditional Chinese medicine, such as Zhangdan, heixidan, yangdianfeng pills, and the use of lead containing cosmetics can also cause poisoning. Here is to describe some knowledge about the clinical manifestations of lead poisoning.

Clinical symptoms of acute lead poisoning?

1. Nervous system: mainly manifested as neurasthenia, multiple peripheral neuritis and encephalopathy（ 1) Neurasthenia is one of the early and common symptoms of lead poisoning. It is manifested as dizziness, headache, general weakness, memory loss, sleep disorder, dreaminess, etc. among them, dizziness and general weakness are the most obvious, but they are generally mild and belong to functional symptoms. There are still many early lead poisoning（ 2) Multiple peripheral neuritis can be divided into sensory type, motor type and mixed type. The sensory type showed numbness of extremities and glove and sock type sensory disturbance of extremities. The performance of exercise type is myasthenia, wrist drop, foot drop（ 3) Encephalopathy is the most serious lead poisoning. The symptoms include headache, nausea, vomiting, high fever, irritability, convulsion, drowsiness, mental disorder, coma, etc., similar to epilepsy, meningitis, brain edema, psychosis or local brain damage. Due to the improvement of working conditions in China, it is rare, but the incidence of children abroad is very high.

2. Digestive system: mild symptoms of general digestive tract, severe abdominal colic（ 1) Gastrointestinal symptoms include metallic taste in the mouth, loss of appetite, upper abdominal distension, discomfort, abdominal pain and constipation, dry stool, lead colic, and intractable constipation as a precursor（ 2) Abdominal colic is a sudden attack, mostly around the umbilicus, with persistent pain and paroxysmal aggravation. Each attack lasts from a few minutes to several hours. Because of severe pain, often bent knees, restless, hands on the abdomen to reduce pain. At the same time, pale, cold sweat, vomiting. During the examination, the abdomen was flat and soft, with mild tenderness, no fixed tenderness point, reduced bowel sounds, and often accompanied by temporary elevation of blood pressure and fundus artery spasm.

3. Pay attention to salivation, nausea, vomiting, paroxysmal abdominal colic, diarrhea, toxic encephalopathy, lead poisoning paralysis, shock, anemia, toxic liver disease, toxic nephropathy, etc.

matters needing attention

(1) In addition to complexing agent, 10% calcium gluconate LML can be injected intravenously every 4-6 hours. Atropine can also be used, or acupuncture wrist, Tianshu, Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and other points（ 2) When intracranial pressure increased, dehydrating agent was used.