How should diabetic treat what medicine should take

summary

Diabetes is known as "the disease of wealth". The better you eat and the less exercise you have, the more you like to find someone with diabetes. Now, so many diabetic patients, what is the best medicine to take?

How should diabetic treat what medicine should take

First, insulin secretagogues are sulfonylureas and non sulfonylureas. It mainly plays a role by promoting insulin secretion, inhibiting ATP dependent potassium channels, making K + outflow, β cell depolarization, Ca2 + influx, and inducing insulin secretion. Currently, glibenclamide is the representative drug of sulfonylureas, which can promote insulin secretion. Although this kind of drug has obvious hypoglycemic effect, it also has its biggest disadvantage, that is, it will cause hypoglycemia. In other words, because it is a drug directly acting on the islets, it will continue to reduce blood sugar No matter how much blood sugar the patient has. In addition, such drugs can cause gastrointestinal symptoms, such as stomach discomfort, nausea, anorexia and diarrhea. Pregnant women and lactating mothers are forbidden to use such drugs. Due to the defect of islet function in diabetic patients, long-term use of these drugs will lead to aging of islet function. Non sulfonylurea insulin secretagogues (novolone, etc.) are new oral non sulfonylurea antidiabetic drugs, which can promote the secretion of insulin. The mechanism of action is similar to that of sulfonylurea drugs, but the combination and separation of these drugs with sulfonylurea receptors are faster, so they can improve the early phase of insulin secretion and reduce the burden of islet β cells. Repaglinide is a commonly used drug, which does not cause severe hypoglycemia and liver damage. Patients with moderate liver and kidney damage also have good tolerance to repaglinide, and drug interaction is less. Because of the rapid action and consumption in a short time, repaglinide is more suitable for the control of postprandial blood glucose.

Second, biguanides (gehuazhi, meidikang, etc.) are recommended as first-line drugs for non obese diabetic patients in some countries. The hypoglycemic effect is certain, does not induce hypoglycemia, and has cardiovascular protective effects other than hypoglycemic effect, such as lipid regulation, anti platelet aggregation and so on. It can reduce blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake in peripheral tissue, inhibiting gluconeogenesis, reducing hepatic glycogen output and delaying glucose absorption in intestine. The side effects of biguanide hypoglycemic drugs are gastrointestinal reactions, such as loss of appetite, diarrhea, metallic taste or fatigue in the mouth, weight loss, etc. In addition, lactic acidosis is more likely to occur. It is recommended that patients with liver and kidney function problems should not take it. Diabetic patients with ketoacidosis or ketoacidosis tendency should not use it.

Third: α - glucosidase inhibitors (batangping, Beixin, etc.) these drugs competitively inhibit maltase, glucoamylase and sucrase, block the hydrolysis of 1,4-glycosidic bond, delay the decomposition of starch, sucrose and maltose into glucose in the small intestine, and reduce postprandial blood glucose. As the drug acts on the digestive tract, the side effects are usually also in the digestive tract, usually causing bowel sounds, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, occasional diarrhea, which can be relieved after two weeks, and can be reduced if necessary.

matters needing attention

Appropriate supplement of vitamin C in fruits. You can eat some fruits with low sugar content. Green vegetables, especially dark vegetables, are good for diabetics.