How is acute encephalitis treated?
summary
Encephalitis is an inflammatory disease caused by the invasion of pathogens in brain parenchyma. Winter is the season of high incidence of encephalitis, most of which are caused by virus, bacteria, fungi and other serious infectious diseases of the central nervous system. Mainly for fear of cold, fever, headache symptoms. Next I will share how to treat acute encephalitis?. Hope to help you.
How is acute encephalitis treated?
First: symptomatic treatment (1) glucocorticoid hydrocortisone or dexamethasone, plus 5% glucose solution intravenous drip. The course of treatment was no more than one month（ 2) The course of treatment depends on the patient's condition; Or with glycerin fructose intravenous drip（ 3) The main cooling method is physical cooling（ 4) Antipsychotics can be given chlorpromazine, perphenazine or telden in different doses（ 5) Decompression
Second: antiviral therapy (1) inhibition of virus replication in vivo, such as acyclovir, iodide, cytarabine and adenosine arabinoside（ 2) To prevent virus from penetrating into cells, amantadine and cyclooctylamine were used（ 3) Make human cells produce antiviral protein interferon intramuscular injection, the course of treatment depends on the disease, early application（ 4) Prevent virus from adsorbing gamma globulin and placental globulin.
Third: acute viral encephalitis (1) symptoms of infection, such as fever, general discomfort, myalgia, and sore throat, may range from several weeks to several weeks. In some cases, fever may occur suddenly, and white blood cells may be normal or increase to (15-30) × 109/L。（ 2) Meningeal irritation sign and cerebrospinal fluid changes, normal or increased CSF pressure, increased leukocytes to (10-500) × 106 / L, a few (1000-1500) × 106 / L, mainly lymphocytes. In the early stage of arbovirus encephalitis, neutrophils are the main component. Sugar is normal or slightly higher, a few can be reduced. The protein could be slightly increased to 0.5-1 g / L. there were red blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of HSV encephalitis. Cerebrospinal fluid can be completely normal in a few cases of acute viral encephalitis（ 3) The symptoms of localized or diffuse encephalitis include mental symptoms, delirium, coma and other disturbance of consciousness, convulsion, aphasia, strong grip, sucking reflex, hemiplegia. The tendon reflex was asymmetric and the pathological reflex was positive. Brain damage includes cerebral palsy and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Cerebellar lesions include nystagmus, ataxia, and dyskinesia（ 4) The related signs of primary lesions such as measles, chickenpox, mumps or infectious mononucleosis. Some cases with mental symptoms or high intracranial pressure symptoms as prominent, such as lesions mainly in the brain stem, known as brainstem encephalitis. Different types of viral encephalitis also have their special manifestations.
matters needing attention
Disturbance of consciousness, meningeal irritation. Can appear neck muscle and scapular muscle flaccid paralysis, so that the head droops and the arm can not be raised, shake without. The involvement of cranial nerves and lower limbs is rare. Paralysis can be recovered in 2-3 weeks, about half of the muscles atrophy. Mild cases may have no obvious neurological symptoms.
